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Court had no right to interfere with government’s work, says … – News24

Home Affairs Minister Aaron Motsoaledi is applying for leave to appeal a High Court ruling that found his decision to end the Zimbabwe Exemption Permits “unlawful, unconstitutional, and invalid”.

Lisa Hnatowicz

  • Home Affairs Minister Aaron Motsoaledi is challenging a 28 June decision that found his termination of the Zimbabwe Exemption Permits unconstitutional and unlawful.
  • The permits allow around 178 000 Zimbabweans to live and work in South Africa.
  • But the Helen Suzman Foundation argues that Motsoaledi faces “no prospect” of success on appeal, and says his application should be dismissed.

Home Affairs Minister Aaron Motsoaledi says the Gauteng High Court in Pretoria had no right to “interfere” with the government’s decision to terminate 14-year-old Zimbabwe Exemption Permits (ZEPs).

However, through his advocate, William Mokhare, he added that he was open to extending the 31 December deadline for the special permits, which granted legal status to around 178 000 Zimbabweans living in South Africa.

Motsoaledi is applying for leave to appeal the High Court’s 28 June ruling that found the minister’s decision to end the ZEPs “unlawful, unconstitutional, and invalid”.

The court extended the permits for 12 months from 28 June, pending the conclusion of a “fair process” that includes an adequate public participation process the court found had not been done before the 7 June gazette for the ZEP termination.

The June judgment followed the Helen Suzman Foundation’s application to set aside Motsoaledi’s announcement to discontinue the special permits, which began in 2009. 

READ | Motsoaledi must pay for ‘disdain’ of ZEP court order, says Helen Suzman Foundation

During a virtual hearing on Monday, Mokhare told the High Court that Motsoaledi agreed that the ZEP issue was “not only a matter of great importance and considerable public significance, but…a matter that raises huge constitutional implications”. 

Mokhare said its importance entailed the government’s prerogative to deal “with the acceptance of foreigners within its own borders” – factors, Mokhare contended, that included “asylum, immigration, refugee, economic, political, and socioeconomic considerations”.

He recalled that the reasons for the special dispensation was political and economic “instability” in Zimbabwe, which caused “strain” on South Africa due to “the influx” of citizens in the country’s northern neighbour. 

“The only way the minister’s decision could be attacked is whether the minister’s decision is rational. Rationality is a low-threshold type of review because it is more linked to the principle of deference, where the courts are loathed to interfere with executive decision-making, particularly where it is more linked to policy,” Mokhare said, adding that policy was not a “specialised terrain” of the courts. 

Mokhare argued:

If the court finds that the initial decision, which was to give reprieve on a temporary basis for Zimbabweans because of the situation in their country, then the court cannot interfere with the decision to terminate if the executive [the government] concludes that those conditions are no longer prevalent. And therefore, this dispensation must come to an end.

But Mokhare said Motsoaledi was not opposed to extending the deadline.

“Nothing prevents the minister from always looking at the conditions prevalent at the time and [taking] a decision that does not adversely affect the ZEP members.”

However, the Helen Suzman Foundation – through its advocate, Carol Steinberg – asserted that Motsoaledi’s application should be dismissed. Steinberg said the minister should be given a “punitive costs order” because his appeal had “no prospects of success” at the Supreme Court of Appeal.

“A mere possibility of success, an arguable case, or one that is not hopeless is not enough. In short, our argument is that there are actually zero prospects of success in this case,” Steinberg asserted.

She added that the 178 000 people affected by Motsoaledi’s decision to terminate the permits had an “iron-clad right” to be heard before regulations were put in place.

“In law, there is a watertight obligation to hear what affected people have to say before a decision impacting on their lives is made. It is the first principle of natural justice. It is [not in doubt] that the minister did not, in fact, hear from the affected people before making the [termination] decision. He called for representations later,” Steinberg said.

She added:

There is no court in South Africa that will ever say that the minister is entitled to make a decision – which profoundly impacts on the lives of many, many people – without hearing from them first.

 

Her views were supported by advocate David Simonsz, who represented the Consortium for Refugees and Migrants in South Africa. Simonsz said no one – including the High Court – wanted to interfere with the government’s work. 

He added that the Department of Home Affairs had to use the court-ordered 12-month extension to do a proper public participation process. 

“What the minister should do is take the opportunity afforded to him by this court to follow a lawful process and make whatever decision he chooses to make – once he takes into account the just and proper submissions and representations of those affected. That is the proper way forward,” Simonsz argued. 

ALSO READ | 100 undocumented foreign nationals arrested in Gauteng

But Mokhare dismissed the argument that there was no public consultation, saying the law allowed participation whether before or after a decision is taken and that the government had solicited views and opened visa applications for existing ZEP holders, who would not be affected by the December deadline should it arrive without their applications being finalised.

“The point here is that we say there was [consultation] – there was [consultation] adapted to the circumstances of the case. We submit that there are prospects of success on the merits.”

The High Court reserved judgment.


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law an courts

Bruising Access Finance shareholder battle laid bare in court … – ZimLive.com

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HARARE – Details of how local financial services firm Access Finance (Pvt) Ltd and related entities’ shareholders acrimoniously fell out have emerged, showing company executives fiercely clashed after the CEO reneged on a deal to sell 10 percent equity to the managing director at a time they were minting money.

Court documents obtained by ZimLive.com show that former Access Finance CEO Singathini Raymond Chigogwana and former managing director Senziwani Sikhosana fought over a shareholding deal, leading to an acrimonious split.

Both Chigogwana and Sikhosana have since left Access Finance under a cloud of controversy, endangering the survival of the company.

When they started working together in 2014, the two businessmen had agreed that after sometime Chigogwana, who was the majority shareholder, would sell 10 percent of his shareholding to his partner, Sikhosana.


As chief executive, Chigogwana owned 54 percent shareholding, Sikhosana, who was managing director 20 percent, and their chairman Isau Bwerinofa 26 percent.

However, when the time came to do the deal Chigogwana reneged. A dispute subsequently erupted and in the process deteriorated into a bitter row, which made an amicable settlement or working together going forward impossible.

Chigogwana and Sikhosana were business partners running several companies, Access Forex (Pvt) Ltd, Access Finance (Pvt) Ltd, Tara Capital (Pvt) Ltd, Thirty-Six Mountbatten (Pvt) Ltd as well as Access Forex SA (Pty) Ltd, until a nasty fight broke out over shareholding last year, leading to the court action.

The battle over the companies’ equities and properties has left the businesses on the brink after the two key shareholders exited the business in two separate deals amid irreconcilable disagreements.

Sikhosana left last year and Chigogwana announced his exit last week.

Chigogwana will be replaced as CEO by Salim Eceolaza, the former Simbisa Brands Limited group finance director who steered its unbundling from Innscor Africa Limited and oversaw its listing on the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange.

The fallout between the two forced Sikhosana to sell his shareholding to the company. Initially he wanted US$1 million, but he eventually agreed to US$600 000 reluctantly.

The US$600,000 buyout deal included a cash payment of US$280,000 less US$140,000 as an offset transaction over Sikhosana’s debt to the company, with the US$140,000 balance being paid into two installments of US$80,000 and US$60,000 separately.

It was also agreed Sikhosana would get three townhouse units valued US$320,000.

The cash payments were delivered, but the properties and title deeds have not yet been transferred.

As a result, Sikhosana had to go to the High Court to claim his properties.

The applicants in case HC1007/23 are Sikhosana and his entities Ferden Investments, Rock Drill Mining and Seanmart Investments, while the respondents are Chigogwana, Bwerinofa, Thirty-Six Mountabatten, Access Finance, Access Forex, Tara Capital, The Sheriff of the High Court and the Registrar of Deeds and Companies.

Specifically, the two former business partners are currently at each other’s throats over a real estate development – No. 36 Mountbatten Complex – in Marlborough, Harare, which has 37 townhouse units valued US$3.9 million. Three of those properties are subject to the court action.

Sikhosana is seeking a court order to “compel transfer of the immoveable property known as Units number 19, 8 and 22 in certain piece of land situate in the District of Salisbury called Lot 88 Marlborough Township of Marlborough measuring 1.1525 hectares, held under deed of transfer No. 3816/2027 dated 27th September 2017.”

The draft order sought adds: “The 1st, 2nd and 3rd respondents (Chigogwana, Bwerinofa and 36 Mountbatten respectively) be and are hereby ordered to ordered to sign all transfer papers, make all appearances, pay all tax obligations and related imposts as may be necessary to effect transfer of transfer Units number 19, 8 and 22 in certain piece of land situate in the District of Salisbury called Lot 88 Marlborough Township of Marlborough measuring 1.1525 hectares, held under deed of transfer No. 3816/2027 dated 27th September 2017 to the 2nd, 3rd and 4th applicants (Ferden, Rock Drill and Seanmart) respectively within 14 days of the granting of this order.

“In the event that 1st, 2nd and 3rd respondents fail or refuse to transfer the housing units as ordered in (1) above, then in that event 4th respondent be and is hereby authorised to sign and execute all papers, attach and sale in execution such property of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd respondents as is sufficient to pay for all and any lawful taxes, imposts and costs as are conventionally payable by a transferor and do all such things as are necessary to pass transfer of units 19, 8 and 22 to the 2nd, 3rd and 4th applicants respectively and the 5th respondent be and is hereby ordered to effect transfer in his records to give effect to the transfer.

“Alternatively, the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th respondents jointly and severally the one paying the other to be absolved be and are hereby ordered to pay the to the applicants the sum of US$320,000 being the agreed value for units number 19, 8 and 22…

“In the event that the 1st,2nd, 3rd, 4th 5th and 6th respondents fail or refuse to pay the sum of US$320,000 in terms of paragraph (4) above, then in that event the 7th respondent be and is hereby authorised to attach such property of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th respondents and cause to be realised the sum of US$320,000 and pay over to the applicants.

Sikhosana also wants Chigogwana and the other respondents to pay all the costs of the transfer of the properties as well as legal costs.

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25 Most Famous Real-Life Prison Breaks of All Time – 24/7 Wall St.

Special Report

Over the half of September, residents of the Philadelphia suburbs lived in fear, following the escape of Danilo Cavalcante from Chester County Prison in West Chester, Pennsylvania. Wanted for murder in his native Brazil and convicted of another murder in the U.S., Cavalcante was serving a life sentence when he broke out by crab-walking up the prison walls, pushing through a barbed wire fence, running across a roof, then scaling another fence before disappearing into the nearby woods. The community breathed a sigh of relief when he was recaptured 13 days later.

Throughout history, thousands and thousands of people have escaped from various places in which they were incarcerated – courthouse holding cells, jails, prisons, prison camps, and other institutions. Most of them were eventually recaptured, or killed while getting away, though some eventually earned pardons, lived out their lives under new identities, or simply disappeared.

Some prison escapees are famous – like the Venetian adventurer and roué Giacomo Casanova, the Old West gunfighter Billy the Kid, the legendary bank robber Willie Sutton, and the serial killer Ted Bundy. Others are anonymous, or known only for their jailbreaking exploits. (Here’s a list of celebrities who are currently in or have been to prison.)

Often, prison escapes are the result of patient, meticulous planning. Sometimes, though, they are spur-of-the-moment actions, taking advantage of a momentary lapse in surveillance. Bribery of prison officials is sometimes involved in jailbreaks, and some are accomplished by brute force and result in casualties.

To assemble a list of what may well be the 25 most famous prison breaks of all time, 24/7 Tempo consulted numerous sources, including History, Britannica, and the website of the FBI.

Click here to read more about the 25 most famous real-life prison breaks of all time

The prison breaks on our list range from the clever escape of a Dutch philosopher in 1621 (he got out hidden in a book chest) to the insider-assisted getaway of two murderers in 2015. While criminals gaining their freedom illicitly is never a good thing, some of the escapes here are to be applauded, like those of Union officers from a Rebel POW camp in 1864 or the escape of nine Polish prisoners from the horrors of Auschwitz in 1942. (These are 25 famous prisoners of war.)

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Business executives wrangle over properties – The Herald

Herald Reporter

LOCAL financial services advisory firm Bard Santner Markets Inc chief executive Mr Senziwani Sikhosana and his business entities have taken former Access Finance boss Mr Singathini Raymond Chigogwana and associated companies  to court over townhouse properties worth US$320 000.

The two former business partners, who have had a bruising shareholding battle over shareholding and attendant unfulfilled promises, are currently at each other throats’ over a real estate development – No. 36 Mountbatten Complex – in Marlborough, Harare, which has 37 townhouse units valued US$3.9 million. Three of those properties are subject to the court action initiated yesterday (Friday).

This comes as their acrimonious shareholding fallout which has been raging for months intensifies.

Mr Chigogwana and Mr Sikhosana were business partners running several companies, Access Forex (Pvt) Ltd, Access Finance (Pvt) Ltd, Tara Capital (Pvt) Ltd, Thirty-Six Mountbatten (Pvt) Ltd as well as Access Forex SA (Pty) Ltd, until a nasty fight broke out over shareholding last year, leading to the court action.

The battle over the companies’ equity and properties has left the business on the brink of implosion after the two key shareholders exited the business in two separate deals during the row. Mr Sikhosana left last year and Mr Chigogwana this week.

The applicants in the High Court case – HC1007/23 – over properties are Mr Sikhosana and his entities Ferden Investments, Rock Drill Mining and Seanmart Investments, while the respondents are Mr Chigogwana, Mr Bwerinofa, Thirty-Six Mountabatten, Access Finance, Access Forex, Tara Capital, The Sheriff of the High Court and the Registrar of Deeds and Companies.

Mr Sikhosana wants Mr Chigogwana to transfer the properties which were part of their bitter split settlement to him in real estate or cash form. If that is not done, he wants the court to issue an order to attach of his former partner’s assets to settle the remaining part of the deal.

He also wants his erstwhile colleague to pay all transfer taxes, imposts and costs associated with the deal.

In his application, Mr Sikhosana says in terms of clause 9 of the agreement of sale of his shares and property as well as the share purchase agreement, he should put Mr Chigogwana in mora (default) to address the issue within 14 days. In the event that the breach is not rectified, he shall have a right to cancel the agreement or demand redress in casu (during the case).

As chief executive, Mr Chigogwana owned 54% shareholding, Mr Sikhosana, who was managing director, 20% and their chairman Mr Isau Bwerinofa 26%.

Before the fallout, their businesses offered various payment solutions and remittances in the local, regional and international market.

The remittances business in Zimbabwe has been lucrative due to the need for efficient financial solutions in the current digital environment. Access Finance has been thriving in that market, serving individuals and Zimbabwe’s biggest companies.

In his 2023 mid-term monetary policy statement, Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe governor John Mangudya said as at 30 June international remittances through official channels amounted to US$1.4 billion, a 4% increase from US$1.3 billion recorded in the same period last year.

The shareholding bickering has been going on for two years now.

After their blazing row and acrimony originally emanating from Mr Chigogwana’s reneging on a deal to sell 10% shareholding to Mr Sikhosana, the two agreed to part ways. This followed failed mediation efforts. Their dispute left the company at risk.

As part of the resolution process, valuation was done and Mr Sikhosana decided to sell his interests in the related companies for US$1 million.

However, another wrangle subsequently erupted over the shareholding price and after months of back and forth talks a settlement was reluctantly agreed to at US$600 000.

The US$600 000 buyout deal included a cash payment of US$280 000 less US$140 000 as an offset transaction over Mr Sikhosana’s debt to the company, with the US$140 000 balance being paid into two installments of US$80 000 and US$60 000 separately.

It was also agreed Mr Sikhosana would get three townhouse units valued US$320 000. These are the properties now subject to court action.

The cash payments were delivered, but the properties and title deeds have not yet been transferred.

During the course of the dirty fight, Mr Chigogwana also sold his shareholding in Access Finance and other entities before Mr Sikhosana got his full payment for his own sale, specifically title deeds for the three townhouse units.

This week it was announced Mr Chigogwana has now quit Access Finance and related entities as chief executive with effect from 1 October and would be replaced by Salim Eceolaza, former Simbisa Brands Limited group finance director, who steered its unbundling from Innscor Africa Limited and oversaw its listing on the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange.

After the shock news of Chigogwana’s divesting and stepping down from Access Finance, Sikhosana rushed to court to demand the outstanding payment, arguing his properties cannot be part of the takeover deal as they are encumbered in the buyout arrangement.

Chigogwana and Sikhosana were business partners in a successful financial venture around Access Finance, associated with several entities that offered various payment solutions and remittances, since 2014

The remittances business in Zimbabwe has been lucrative due to the need for efficient financial solutions in the current digital environment and Access Finance has been thriving in that market.

In his 2023 mid-term monetary policy statement, Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe (RBZ) governor John Mangudya said as at 30 June international remittances through official channels amounted to US$1.4 billion, 4% increase from US$1.3 billion recorded in the same period last year.

Mr Sikhosana wants the court to declare:

“The court application to compel transfer of the immoveable property known as Units number 19, 8 and 22 in certain piece of land situate in the District of Salisbury called Lot 88 Marlborough Township of Marlborough measuring 1.1525 hectares, held under deed of transfer No. 3816/2027 dated 27th September 2017 be and is hereby granted.

“The 1st, 2nd and 3rd respondents (Chigogwana, Bwerinofa and 36 Mountbatten respectively) be and are hereby ordered to ordered to sign all transfer papers, make all appearances, pay all tax obligations and related imposts as may be necessary to effect transfer of transfer Units number 19, 8 and 22 in certain piece of land situate in the District of Salisbury called Lot 88 Marlborough Township of Marlborough measuring 1.1525 hectares, held under deed of transfer No. 3816/2027 dated 27th September 2017 to the 2nd, 3rd and 4th applicants (Ferden, Rock Drill and Seanmart) respectively within 14 days of the granting of this order.

“In the event that 1st, 2nd and 3rd respondents fail or refuse to transfer the housing units as ordered in (1) above, then in that event 4th respondent be and is hereby authorised to sign and execute all papers, attach and sale in execution such property of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd respondents as is sufficient to pay for all and any lawful taxes, imposts and costs as are conventionally payable by a transferor and do all such things as are necessary to pass transfer of units 19, 8 and 22 to the 2nd, 3rd and 4th applicants respectively and the 5th respondent be and is hereby ordered to effect transfer in his records to give effect to the transfer.

“Alternatively, the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th Respondents jointly and severally the one paying the other to be absolved be and are hereby ordered to pay the to the Applicants the sum of US$320 000.00 (three hundred and twenty thousand American dollars) being the agreed value for Units number 19, 8 and 22 in certain piece of land situate in the District of Salisbury called Lot 88 Marlborough Township of Marlborough measuring 1.1525 hectares, held under deed of transfer No. 3816/2027 dated 27th September 2017.

“In the event that the 1st,2nd, 3rd, 4th 5th and 6th respondents fail or refuse to pay the sum of us$320 000.00 (three hundred and twenty thousand American dollars) in terms of paragraph (4) above, then in that event the 7th Respondent be and is hereby authorised to attach such property of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th respondents and cause to be realised the sum of US$320 000.00 (three hundred and twenty thousand American dollars) and pay over to the Applicants.

“The 1st, 2nd,3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th respondents jointly and severally the one paying the others to be absolved be and are hereby ordered to pay the Applicants’ legal costs at the rate of attorney and client scale in terms of clauses 11.7 of the individual agreements of sale.”

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